For people living in bustling city centres, escalators probably need no introduction. These vertical mobility machines are really popular because of how easily they direct pedestrian traffic in public buildings.
One of the parts that make sure that an escalator is safe and functions optimally, is the Escalator Balustrade. The escalator balustrade is important because it serves not only as a support structure but also enhances user safety and prevents accidents. Balustrades also make the escalator look really cool.
What is an Escalator Balustrade?
It is actually easier to describe than to define an escalator balustrade. In simple terms we can define an escalator balustrade as a protective barrier that runs along the sides of an escalator, basically flanking the moving steps. It mainly supports the handrails and offers passengers stability and balance while they ride the escalator. The handrail, skirt panel and newel post are the most obvious parts when it comes to an escalator balustrade. The handrail is where passengers grab hold of; the skirt panel is the vertical panel that runs alongside the escalator; and newel post holds up a handrail. Different types of materials can be used for escalator balustrades, although it appears that glass, and metals are probably the most commonly used in modern buildings in many bustling cities.
Purpose of Escalator Balustrades
An escalator balustrade fulfills two purposes: safety, and support.
An escalator balustrade therefore serves the double functions of ensuring safety in addition to providing support to escalator users. The escalator balustrade essentially prevents people from falling off or stepping off the edge of the escalators when they are running. It gives us something safe to grab onto while riding the escalator, particularly in crowded or high-traffic areas. The balustrade can also act as a guard rail to keep objects, not only people, from tumbling down the escalator. Not only does it protect against elevator accidents, it also enhances the beauty of the escalators. When escalator balustrades are well designed and installed properly they enhance the appearance and general appeal of buildings. Our escalator balustrades designed at Dazen can be counted on to blend in perfectly and serve the purpose efficiently.
Types of Escalator Balustrades
Slim balustrades are a popular choice among architects and interior designers. It’s usually about 90cm tall and 10mm thick, made of tempered glass, which gives the escalator a modern look. On the other hand, a solid balustrade is usually made of stainless steel and is durable enough for outdoor escalators, train stations, airports, and urban subway stations. They also have extended balustrades, which can be extended when escalators are installed in a void and there is a sheer drop on the sides of the escalator landings.
At Dazen, we help our clients pick the material for their balustrades. Their decision is usually based on the intended use, aesthetics and the client’s budget. All these factors are equally important. The most common types of materials are discussed below:
Glass Balustrades
Glass can be used to make Escalator balustrades. Balustrades made with glass also tend to look so beautiful, classy and sleek which is why they are used in some modern architectural designs. They give the building a look of brightness and openness and space. Tempered glass, laminated glass or toughened glass can all be used to make balustrades. Each one provides a different level of safety and strength. You can find balustrades made of glass materials in public buildings like shopping malls etc.
Metal Balustrades
Metal balustrades are quite durable and really sturdy. They also provide better safety and stability. Metals like stainless steel, wrought iron, and aluminum are mostly used to make escalator balustrades because they are really strong and do not rust easily. You can find stainless steel balustrades in commercial buildings and also in public buildings like subways or airports. Aluminum balustrades are more common in residential and office buildings. Metal can also be used to make both simple and elaborate designs. This shows that they are really very versatile and can fit into different architectural settings.
Wood Balustrades
Escalator Balustrades made of wood are often used in historic buildings and maybe a few luxury homes. Wooden balustrades add warmth and elegance to buildings where they are used. Balustrades can be made from oak, maple, and pine. Each one has a unique texture and color. Wooden balustrades are not suitable for use in some public spaces because they tend to need regular maintenance to ensure that they last long and to prevent the wood from getting rotted and from weather damage and insect damage.
Nowadays, many escalators are equipped with imitation wood grain stainless steel balustrades, offering the best of both worlds: the warm, natural texture of wood combined with the durability and practicality of stainless steel.
Safety Requirements for Balustrades
Safety is important when it comes to escalator balustrades. Here are a few notable safety requirements:
Structural Integrity
Structural integrity is a top priority. Balustrades must be able to handle much force and pressure, especially in areas where a lot of people are moving around all day. According to safety requirements, they should be strong enough to withstand a static lateral force of 600N and a vertical force of 730N. The balustrade must be securely attached to the escalator to prevent accidents. Regular maintenance checks are also a really good idea to confirm that the balustrade continues to meet safety standards
Electrical Safety
Balustrades should be designed to prevent electrical shocks. There should be good insulation and all electrical components must be properly grounded. Electrical connections should also be secure and protected from moisture. The balustrade should also be made to prevent electrical arcing or sparks. Plus, the balustrade should be made from materials that are non-conductive and do not pose any risk of causing electrical shocks.
Proper Alignment and Height
All escalator balustrades and handrails must be at the correct height which is recommended. They should also have no gaps in them so that objects don’t get trapped in them and make people trip and fall. The current standard height for balustrades is between 0.90 and 1.10 meters from the step nose to the top of the handrail. The height of the balustrade should also be a minimum of 42 inches (107 cm) above the floor to prevent children from climbing over it. Balustrades should have a newel that extends at least 600 millimeters beyond the comb intersection line. For instance, the BS EN 115-1, clause 5.5.2.1 requires that balustrades should have a height of between 900 mm and 1100mm.
Regular Maintenance and Repair
Bearing in mind that any faults could lead to a loss of lives, regularly scheduled inspection and maintenance of balustrades are necessary to identify wear and tear or potential hazards, ensuring that escalator balustrades remain safe and functional over time. Those responsible for the safe operation of escalators/moving walks in open locations are also strongly advised to conduct detailed risk assessments to find out if any added safety measures need to be provided. During the routine maintenance checks, faulty parts can be replaced and tested to ensure that the escalator balustrade is working perfectly.
Safety Standards and Code Compliance
Elevator balustrades should meet specific safety standards. They must also comply with all relevant building codes and regulations, especially those related to safety, accessibility, and fire resistance. At Dazen, our balustrades are designed to meet the strictest safety standards.
Escalator Balustrade Dimensions
The dimensions of an escalator balustrade depend on the type of escalator and the building. Balustrades usually adhere to industry standards that state the height and width necessary to ensure passenger safety and comfort. Most escalator balustrades are between 30 and 40 inches high and have a handrail that is between 1 and 2 inches in diameter. The newel of the balustrade including the handrail should extend horizontally by not less than 600 millimeters in length beyond the comb intersection line and not less than 300 millimeters of this length must continue horizontally at the landings, that is, before the curve. These dimensions must comply with local building codes and regulations to ensure that safety standards are met. If you want something totally different and unique which still matches your specific building codes, balustrade heights can be tailored to fit your specific needs while still maintaining safety compliance. That is one of the things we excel in at Dazen.
For glass, whether tempered or laminated, the thickness is usually between 10mm to 12mm depending on the load requirements. The handrail which is fitted on top of the balustrade is designed for easy grip and durability. The Standard diameter for handrails is 40mm to 60mm. This is to ensure comfort and compliance with ergonomic standards. The balustrade’s inclination angle should match the escalator’s gradient which is usually between 30° and 35°. The distance between the edge of the balustrade and the moving steps is optimized to avoid trapping objects. The clearance here should be around 2mm to 4mm.
Manufacturing of Escalator Balustrades
At Dazen, we maintain high standards in our manufacturing process. The first step is the product design and prototype. This usually starts with drawing detailed prototypes of the balustrade which aligns well with the requirements of the building where it will be located. The dimensions of the balustrade are made to meet the required specifications and safety standards. The selection of materials is really important as it affects the cost, durability, safety, and aesthetics of the balustrade. The selected materials are then cut and shaped according to the design specifications of the escalator balustrade, after which they are assembled into the final form of the balustrade using welding, gluing, or other joining techniques. Finally, the newly assembled balustrade is finished with a protective coating or polish to enhance its appearance and durability.
Escalator Balustrades Installation
Installation of escalator balustrades should be planned and must be done properly to ensure maximum safety and functionality. Before we install the balustrade, we prepare the site and gather all the necessary tools. We also make sure that the escalator is properly aligned and secured. Next, we assemble the balustrade on-site, following the laid-down manufacturer’s instructions. After that, we carefully attach the balustrade to the escalator, making sure that it is securely fastened and level. Lastly, we test the newly installed balustrade to confirm if it is properly installed and meets all required safety standards. Only qualified and certified experts should be allowed to install and maintain escalator balustrades.
Conclusion
At Dazen, we produce a wide range of very good quality escalator balustrades using different materials and unique designs. We also ensure that our parts meet all relevant safety standards and regulations. We are available to guide clients to choose the right balustrade. We are also happy to make unique custom designs. We offer all our clients a 2-year warranty for our escalator parts, including balustrades. Our prices are also really affordable and flexible. Contact us to learn more about our escalator balustrades and all our other elevator and escalator parts which we produce.
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